Telegraphy.



L 12. B. DBLANY. TLEGRAPHY. v APILIUATION FILE-I! JAN. 18,1909. RENBWED JAN. 9, 1914.`

1,108,148. Patented A11g.25,1914` l I Jay. z

Z' y", I )J m1 5- www) 3 M2M@ certain,

To all. 'whom' it may concern Reitern, NEW aEiisEx;`As sIGNo-n 'ro THE mentirosa eoivi-Paiiir,A or. NEW xoR1,N. x.,-A conronafrron or MAINE.

artesania?. l

j application inea January 18,1909, sen'ai'n'q.

' vit known -tha't I, P'rigiox a. citizen ofthe United States of 'Ameri-ca,

residing in South Orange',l in the county 'of Essexi State of NeW-1 ler'sey,have,invented-l Imp'rovements 'in .Telegraphy, of;

which the following is a `specification.

rIbis invention relates to automatic ehemical telegraphy-iiigivliich each signal, whether l a dot-'0ifiashg-is initiated byf-a'unent iinpulse 'oflone polarity and terminated by a-4 current iinpulse'jof'opposite' polarity, all the 'impulses .beingoequal Aduration .an

' dots and. dashes distinguished .by lthe inter# v sion of tlie .i n 1tiati ng and terminating im' pulses-such interval being longerin the- ,val-of ttime elapsing 'between the transmis-- trali'isngiission of a dash than vvhen a-"dot is traiisinittedg In such a system both impulses are [recorded in vparallel lines on the 'cheinical 'receiving tape, and Vthe-impulses may be sent into the line by means of ang-ularly disposed 'perforations formed in parallel lines j ina transmitting tape.

Letters Patent No.. ,791, granted Qctober 31, ,1893- disclose a. system of this' general character. v VVhe're Aspeed overv aline' oflittle or .record on thereceiv'ing :tape will be definitely.

the signals .are tiansinitted at' moderate legible, 4astraightline connecting the' tWo V marks constituting -av dot'. signal showing .record lot a dash signal'. 5.

comparison, is not 'tion of he much less angular displacement than a1 line .connecting the ti'vofina'rks constituting the At :higher speeds,

lioweveigor .over lines having 'considerable .electro-static capacity the difference of angle between dots a'nd dashes, always .a matter of so readily discernible.'

'The present .invention- `comprises a mode of operation affording' clearly legible delinihas in uch or no capacity and comprehends an' 'of the dots' orv marks arbitrary'v disposition 'upon the receivingtape other than the naturalv one due' only to the. regular-sequence upon the line of the current impulses :of al, 4ternating polarity. directly connecting, on,

. Thus, if straight lines the receiving' tape,

i the front ends of the Atwo marks, constituting marks constituting the record v of the record of each dot signal, are al-Ways perpendicular to .the tape or inclined toward' the left g andstraightlines directly connecting the dashes,V al-l Ways incline to the right, the' definition be the no .capacity the" received records Whether the line front en'ds of the respective pairs of l spei'eapimi'neaer 'raient- 1 Patented Aug. 25, 1914; masten Renewed Jaauary'e, 1914'. semi no. 811,279.

receiving tape is clear andunmistakableir respective of the amount of capacity of the highly desired'result may be realized by the -mate 'and in the direction of travel of the re- `ceivin'g tape that one of the' recording lingers that makes a record of the signal-terminat-A ing'iinpulses. The 'extension of such linger in advance of its mate may be such as to .'equal'the space, lorthe interval of time, be-

ating a dot signal and that terminating suoli signal, thus causing the last impulse of a dot tlietape justas the'record of the first in ipulsehas passed into verticalalineme'nt withv Aiiia line perpendicular to thelengthofthe tape'. If the recording finger in question be further extended,'then the mark produced by it maybe in. advance of the mark produced by its mata-So that a straight line con necting them Willxincline to the left. dash having-about three times vthe length angular disposition of themarksupon the receiving .tape is Well defined and correspends length. As. dot and ,dash lengthsjare con' strued relatively the actual length is, in practice not material, and as amatterof fact in operation ofoidinaryfMorse the dashes made by Morse key, auto-dot and keythe'theoretical length.'

Over aline of very little or no capacity the elements of letters, 'dots and dashes, are respectively vof uniform size. The perpendicular position or slightly reverse angle of as to the identity of the characters Over -circuit's having capacity verification' of `the reading line is realized 1n the negative reading line, the lovver line 'of characters, is

the tailings'of the reverse characters repre-` sent andempliasize spacing between lettersl and.. Words. -As every dot' and VAdash 4is marking 'theztermination of 4any succession line'.` `Experience has demonstrated that this i simple expedient of extending beyondv 'lts approximately 'to twiceV the dot therec'orded Vdot marks eliminates all doubt j `t'iveen dot and dash 'signals recorded on the B.' DELANY,

tv veenthe transmission of the impulse initisignal arriving at the receiver to appear on it so that. the two dot' marks on the tape are (c'. e.' interval between impulses) of'a dot the board transmitters generally fall short of -i or upper line, as all the tailing in the'v inthe direction of bridging Vthe angle 'be l' tween the marks representing dashes, While finished with a reversal of current theeiectv of the static currentfis always the samerf 1G lilies can be natural condition, the extremes calling for no cuit for the complet-ion of a dash, its bound aries being plainly marked by the two marks angular-ly disposed, so that the natural ca* pacity"7 record between need not extend to the limit. rlhe last det or niark el' the dash leaves no room for doubt. ln this Way all Worked upon the basis of their artificial balancing, signalsof unitormsize over a line 'Without capacity being perfectly plain While those over a line from moderate to great capacity are recorded in dot marks and actual dash marks.

ln the accompanying drawing: Figurel is a diagram indicating a transmitting and receiving station: and -lligs. 2, 3, al, and (l respectively views showing sections oi tape with' received signals recorded lchemically thereon according to the Universal Code: and llig. 7, indica-tes diagrannnatically a seetion of perforated transmitting tape, a section ot receiving tape, and the relative arrangement of the respective transmitting and recording lingers.

.Referring now to Fig. l-,thc transmitter T at X is sending impulses of equal duration and reverse polarity from the perforated tape t' (as already Well understood) by means of the transmitting brushes or fingers e, f. At receiving station Y the recording pens or fingers c and l are resting on the chemically prepared tape The upper linger is extended in advance et its mate as described. The arrangement may be such as te bring the marks constituting a det signal, in line perpendicular to thetape and the niarlrs constituting a dash signal will et necessity be angularly disposed.

F ig. t2 represents a received record free from static current el'ects on which the dot marks are in line perpendicular to the tape. llig. 3 represents a record over a line with slight static capacity.

lig. Ll represents a record over a line with. considerable capacity.

Fig. 5 represents a .record over a line having suliicient capacity to completely lill out the dash at a transmission speed of, say, one

thousand Words a minute.

Fig. 6 represents a record in which the Lienden dots constitu ting a dot signal are angularly disposed with an inclination te the lett.

No change in atmospheric conditions ai- 'ecting the static capacity of the line Will al'eet the elliciency ofV the receiver, nor vvill a change :trein one wire to another call for any alteration, the method being always adapted to the highest and lowest signaling facility of the wire, from an overhead .line of ten niiles, to'a long circuit of underground cable.

I claim:

l. lfn automatic chemical telegraphy method et transmitting and recording dot and dash signals which consists in initiating all signals by current impulses ofthe same polarity, terminating all signals by current impulses egt' the saine "polarity but of opposite polarity to that used for initiating the sig-- nals, the interval between a signalinitiating impulse and a signal terminating impulsev determining whether the signal is a dash or a dot, and making a record el received signal initiating impulses in one line and in a line parallel thereto a record of received signal terminating impulses arbitrarily displaced relatively to the record of the signal initiating impulses whireby greater defini'- tion of the record is attained.

ln automatic ll'einical telegraphy a inetllod oil transmit ing and recording dot and dash signals which consists in initiating all signals by current impulses et the saine polarity, terminating all signals by current impulses oi the saine polari 1y but ef opposite polarity to that used for initiating 'the signals, the interval betweena signal init-ir .ng impulse and a signal terminating impulse determining Whether the signalv is a or a dash, and int/.hing a record of received signzfil. initiating impulses in one line and .in a line parallel thereto a record orf received signal terminating impulses with the record or' the dot impulses in lines perpendicular, or substantially so, and the record of dash impulses in lines oblique, whereby greater definition oLt the record is attained.

ln testimony whereof,- l have hereunto subscribed my naine.

' FATRGK B.' llllnlfl.

l/Vitnesses Giras. E. Pennine, B. E. l'lloLLEr. 

